Brain

Ashikawa et al. present a new rat model of acute neuromyelitis optica, characterized by extensive astrocyte loss in the spinal cord, and show that regeneration of astrocytes – driven by FGF8 signalling – contributes to functional recovery. tinyurl.com/46c7fy8b

Vromen et al. show that rates of cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment and amyloid positivity (MCI A+) are associated with distinct proteomic signatures depending on whether or not abnormal tau status is also present. tinyurl.com/5n85bw6j

Martinez-Thompson et al. show that AI approaches applied to clinical electromyography data can assist in diagnosing ALS and estimating patient survival. tinyurl.com/yc5j393h

By conducting a multiomics study comparing muscle biopsy samples from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy, and other acquired and inherited myopathies, Liu et al. identify interleukin-17B as a marker of muscle regeneration. tinyurl.com/vx9syrar

Fernández Arias et al. show that plasma p-tau217 concentrations are more strongly associated with cognitive performance in AD than other plasma p-tau biomarkers, and outperform the other biomarkers in predicting memory impairment. tinyurl.com/ycxcskej

@braincomms welcomes applications for the next editor in chief 🤓. Please find further details here buff.ly/TI1o606 😃 #editorinchief #applications #recruiting

Spencer et al. investigate the use of intracranial stimulation to improve movement in people with Parkinson's disease. They show that stimulating the globus pallidus internus improves motor function beyond the stimulation period. tinyurl.com/mrvf7tky

Disentangling epilepsy and dementia: more to do, together New scientific commentary by Arjune Sen tinyurl.com/mr44jt9b

Using multimodal imaging, Tohyama et al. show that individuals with migraine have white matter damage in the trigeminal nerve, which is associated with neuroinflammation and with reduced communication with a key trigeminal sensory nucleus in the brainstem. tinyurl.com/3ue76n8e

Tra et al. propose that the resistance of sensory dorsal root ganglion neurons to ALS pathology may be due to the absence of a typical axon initial segment. tinyurl.com/3cbad7kv

Cortical spreading depolarization is thought to trigger headache through inflammatory signals in the brain/meninges. Using an intact mouse brain model, Kaya et al. explore the mechanisms that may suppress the neuroinflammatory response initiated by CSD. tinyurl.com/p7uap7vt

Silva-Rodríguez et al. show that patients with AD with Lewy body (LB) pathology experience faster cognitive decline and more severe hypometabolism than pts without this pathology. However, LB pathology is not associated with atypical phenotypic features. tinyurl.com/mw3ap5p2

Peruzzotti-Jametti et al. examine the remyelination potential of mouse- and human-derived directly induced neural stem cell (iNSC) grafts, and show that iNSCs can differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes and remyelinate axons in demyelinated lesions. tinyurl.com/3a2auah5

Bevilacqua et al. explore whether a novel brain stimulation method – cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) – can improve vision in stroke patients with occipital lobe damage. tinyurl.com/37fj4jwm

Seeing the trees in the wood: the importance of co-pathologies in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies New editorial by Rimona S Weil: tinyurl.com/bdf2cmw4

Kazazian et al. review the use of neuroimaging in disorders of consciousness, detailing key methods (fMRI, EEG, PET) and imaging paradigms that can be used to improve diagnosis and prognosis. tinyurl.com/bddyanm4

Parker et al. studied 200 former elite rugby players with brain health concerns in mid-life. While anxiety, depression and memory symptoms were common, performance on objective memory and cognitive tests was similar to that of age-matched controls. tinyurl.com/mu6ab99r

The converging paths to hippocampal sclerosis of ageing: insights from LATE-NC and vascular disease New scientific commentary by Ryan Coburn and Hugo Botha tinyurl.com/3ffhrkm7

Medial temporal lobe structural changes when Down syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease collide New scientific commentary by Laura Wisse and Renaud La Joie tinyurl.com/345u5r3w

Benninger & Goldberg argue that early surgery for lesional focal epilepsy should be considered even before the emergence of drug resistance. tinyurl.com/3b7msy45